作为外贸业务员，至少需要对外国进口商公司的管理机构有个大概的了解，只有这样，你才能更好的和客户沟通，能理解为啥客户不能立刻答复你，你有客户也是有上级的。
外贸业务员应该知道这些才能更好地理解你的客户并建立持久关系
其中有些单词，句子，表达方式值得我们记住！
The people who run a company are known as the management. The management is made up of individual managers,
经营公司的人被称为管理层。 管理层由几个经理组成，
The manager are usually appointed to their posts ( or positions) by the board of directors. The board is the collective name for directors.
经理的职位是通常由董事会任命的。 董事会是董事的集体名称。
If a manager is appointed to a higher position (post) in the firm. he is promoted (he is given promotion). When someone is promoted he usually receives a pay rise.
如果一个经理在公司被任命到一个更高的职位（职位）。 他被晋升（他被提拔）。 当有人被提升时，他通常会收到加薪。
The men who actually produce the goods in the assembly plant ( or factory) are know as the workers ( or labour force). The men working on the shop floor in the factory operate the machinery ( or equipment).
在装配厂（或工厂）实际生产货物的人被称为工人（或劳动力）。 在工厂车间工作的人操作机器（或设备）。
Workers who have specialized skills or who are trained to operate sophisticated equipment are called skilled workers,
具有专业技能或经过训练有能力操作精密设备的工人称为熟练技术工人。
If the company needs to increase its labour force, it tries to recruit new workers to work on the shop floor. They might undertake a recruitment programme and they will hire workers who apply for jobs.
如果公司需要增加其劳动力，它试图招聘新工人在车间工作。 他们可能进行招聘计划，他们将雇用申请该工作的工人。
The workers are normally paid wages for working a certain number of hours each week. Wages are paid weekly (a manager's salary is normally paid monthly).
工人通常是按每周工作的一定时数支付工资。 工资每周支付（经理的工资通常每月支付）。
If a works more than his required number of hours, he works overtime, and he is paid at overtime rates which are higher than the normal rates of pay.
如果工作时间超过他所要求的工作时间，他是在加班，他的加班工资高于正常工资。
Some factories operate a shift system. The men work 8-hours shifts throughout the 24 hours so that the assembly plant operates all the time.
一些工厂实行倒班制。 这些人在24小时内倒班工作8小时，使装配厂一直运行。
Most of the workers belong to a trade union, The union represents the men and negotiates ( enters into negotations) with the management on their behalf.
大多数工人属于工会。工会代表工人，代表工人与管理层进行谈判（进入谈判）。
If there is a labour problem or industrial unrest. they union shop steward might enter into negotiations with the management on behalf of the men.
如果有劳动问题或工潮。 他们工会管理人员可能代表工人与管理层进行谈判。
Industrial unrest is frequently about pay or working conditions. They union might negotate a pay rise or a bonus payment for increased productivity, for example. Firms often also give a bonus at Christmas.
工潮常常涉及工资或工作条件。 例如，他们的工会可能为了提高生产力而谈判加薪或奖金。 公司通常也在圣诞节给予奖金。
If someone wants to leave his job he must give notice. Workers normally give at least a week's notice. manager usually work one or three months' notice.
如果有人想离开他的工作，他必须给予通知。 工人通常至少给予一个星期的通知。 经理通常工作一个或三个月的通知。
If someone leaves work for good because he is old. he retires. someone who retires (go into retirement) after working for a firm for a long time is normally given a pension, This pension is a regular payment for him to live on in his retirement.
如果有人离开工作，因为他是老了。 他退休。 在长期为公司工作后退休（退休）的人通常领取养老金。这种养老金是他在退休时定期支付的。